Vegetable oils in their concentrated form are a relatively new addition to the human diet. The amount of vegetable oil in the Western diet increased drastically in the 20th century.

Vegetable oil is a misleading name, it evokes healthfulness by making us think of garden-fresh vegetables. But vegetable oils are actually made from grains, seeds, and beans (e.g. soy, corn, cottonseed, rapeseed/canola, sunflower, safflower), from which oil is usually extracted mechanically or chemically in a very industrialized process.

The main challenges with vegetable oils are:

• and
• Industrialised production process
• High to ratio